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Montana Lawmakers Send Governor Two Competing Bills To Direct Marijuana Taxes Toward Private Land Conservation

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4 months agoon

“It increases the pace and scale of habitat stewardship and restoration treatments across rural Montana to improve our land, wildlife and water resources.”
By Amanda Eggert, Montana Free Press
Two bills seeking to reallocate the recreational marijuana taxes the state collects are bound for Montana Gov. Greg Gianforte’s (R) desk. Senate Bill 537, described by its sponsor as a “cops and conservation bill,” cleared its final legislative vote Tuesday, garnering support from three-quarters of state lawmakers. The following day, House Bill 932, which addresses only the conservation and water side of the marijuana-supported funding equation, also passed out of the Legislature.
Coordination instructions written into SB 537 specify that if both it and HB 932 are signed by Gianforte, HB 932 becomes void.
Both bills establish a habitat legacy account, which seeks to allow Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks (FWP) to put conservation dollars toward wildlife habitat improvement and restoration projects on private land.
Most of the habitat legacy account funding—75 percent—would initially be funneled toward the land and wildlife stewardship account, a new fund to be managed by FWP. Another 20 percent would go toward the Wildlife Habitat Improvement Project account, or WHIP, an existing program with an emphasis on noxious weed mitigation. Finally, 5 percent would go toward an account dedicated to wildlife crossings and accommodations that lawmakers recently endorsed with passage of House Bill 855.
In addition to supporting private-land conservation projects, the habitat legacy account would allow FWP to continue to use marijuana revenue to support Habitat Montana, the FWP-administered program lawmakers established in 1987 to support the open spaces wildlife need to thrive and to create public access to some of that land. Habitat Montana has helped FWP acquire and manage the Big Snowy Wildlife Management Area, the Montana Great Outdoors Conservation Easement for working forestland in northwestern Montana and a handful of 40-year conservation leases the department has recently started securing in central and eastern Montana.
If the habitat legacy account is established, private landowners, conservation districts, conservation nonprofits, tribal government and noxious weed control districts could apply for funding to support a variety of projects, ranging from invasive species control, riparian restoration and conifer removal to water storage and fence modification or removal.
An assortment of nonprofits including the Montana Wildlife Federation, the Teddy Roosevelt Conservation Partnership, The Nature Conservancy, Backcountry Hunters and Anglers, the Montana Conservation Voters Education Fund and the Rocky Mountain Elk Foundation threw their support behind the habitat legacy fund, saying it establishes flexibility and long-term sustainability for conservation efforts.
“It increases the pace and scale of habitat stewardship and restoration treatments across rural Montana to improve our land, wildlife and water resources in the face of drought, wildfire, invasive species and other deteriorating wildlife habitat conditions,” Wild Montana lobbyist Jake Brown told lawmakers during public testimony on SB 537 on April 17.
In addition to creating the habitat legacy account, SB 537 establishes statutory allocations for the nearly $30 million of tax collections that are currently directed to the General Fund, the catch-all state government piggybank lawmakers divvy up every other year.
Substance use disorder treatment, police department operations, homelessness support and sexual assault examination kits would see new or increased allocations under SB 537, to name a few things the bill funds. Those allocations garnered the endorsement of the Montana Coalition to Solve Homelessness and the Montana Department of Justice.
SB 537 sponsor Sen. Daniel Zolnikov (R-Billings), emphasized the law enforcement component of his bill, which provides $50,000 to each law enforcement department in the state, including tribal police, and divides up remaining dedicated funding on a per-capita basis so that departments with larger payrolls receive larger disbursements.
“I worked very hard to keep that at 31 percent,” he recently told Montana Free Press, referencing the percentage of the tens of millions of dollars in marijuana tax collections that would be dedicated to law enforcement under his bill. “A lot of departments are running on very tight budgets, and this helps [with] that.”
In the final days of the 69th Legislature, lawmakers also endorsed HB 932, which also creates a habitat legacy account. HB 932 differs from its competitor in that it creates a $4 million water-storage-specific expenditure to be coordinated with the Department of Natural Resources and Conservation but leaves untouched other marijuana tax- supported allocations.
HB 932 passed both chambers of the Legislature on April 30, with 84 percent of lawmakers supporting it.
Like Zolnikov, HB 932 sponsor Rep. Ken Walsh (R-Twin Bridges) wondered aloud whether Gianforte will oppose HB 537 given its impact on the General Fund.
“We’ll have to wait to see what happens,” Walsh said. “I think [HB 537] still has a journey to go.”
Gianforte has generally been critical of efforts to allocate tax revenues in statute.
“Anytime you encumber specific revenue streams for certain purposes, it really ties the hands of future Legislatures and administrations,” he said during an April 24 press conference. “These times, they are changing, and we have to be ready for what the future brings.”
En route to Gianforte’s desk, SB 537 cleared 10 rounds of committee and floor votes. The measure, which entered the legislative fray relatively late in the session, also encountered several amendments—some successful, others not—along the way.
HB 932 underwent a similar gauntlet, surviving eight votes and two rounds of amendments.
After bills are transmitted to Gianforte’s desk, he has 10 days to sign or veto them. Bills that are neither signed nor vetoed become law.
This story was originally published by Montana Free Press at montanafreepress.org.
Photo courtesy of Chris Wallis // Side Pocket Images.

Author: mscannabiz.com
MScannaBIZ for all you Mississippi Cannabis News and Information.
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Federal Marijuana Legalization Bill Deserves Lawmakers’ Support, Letter From ACLU And Other Groups Says

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September 15, 2025
A coalition of drug policy reform and civil rights organizations sent letter urging members of the U.S. House of Representatives to cosponsor a recently filed bill to federally legalize marijuana and promote equity.
The letter, led by the Drug Policy Alliance (DPA), expresses support for the Marijuana Opportunity, Reinvestment and Expungement (MORE) Act, which was reintroduced by Rep. Jerrold Nadler (D-NY) and about three dozen cosponsors late last month.
This marks the fourth session in a row that Nadler has put forward the proposal. It passed the House twice under Democratic control while the sponsor served as chairman of the Judiciary Committee, but it did not advance last session with Republicans in the majority.
“The MORE Act is the leading comprehensive marijuana reform bill in the House that ends federal prohibition, addresses the collateral consequences of federal marijuana criminalization, and takes steps to ensure the regulated marketplace is diverse and inclusive,” the letter—which was also signed by groups such as the ACLU, National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers, National Association of Social Workers, Service Employees International Union and Southern Poverty Law Center—says.
“For generations, marijuana’s placement on the [Controlled Substances Act, or CSA] has disproportionately inflicted harm upon communities of color and poor people,” the groups wrote.
They noted that the Trump administration is actively considering a proposal to simply reschedule cannabis, which they described as “a policy that would continue federal cannabis criminalization and its harm.”
With that reform pending, it’s “more important than ever for Congress to advance comprehensive legislation to deschedule marijuana from the CSA,” the letter says. “To be clear, as long as marijuana remains anywhere in the CSA, it will still be criminalized at the federal level.”
“Recent news reports have suggested that President Trump may move marijuana to Schedule III of the CSA. While this move would eliminate an unfair tax penalty on the marijuana industry and would be of symbolic importance by recognizing that marijuana has accepted medical use, little else would change. In fact, rescheduling marijuana from Schedule I to Schedule III of CSA will maintain the criminal penalties and collateral consequences that are in effect today. To fully address the conflict between state and federal laws, marijuana must be descheduled from the CSA.”
Other signatories on the letter include Cannabis Regulators of Color Coalition (CRCC), Doctors for Drug Policy Reform, JustLeadershipUSA, Last Prisoner Project (LPP), Law Enforcement Action Partnership (LEAP), Lawyers’ Committee for Civil Rights Under Law, Minority Cannabis Business Association (MCBA), Mission Green, NORML, Students for Sensible Drug Policy (SSDP), Supernova Women and more.
Here are details about the key provisions of the MORE Act:
- The bill would deschedule marijuana by removing it from the list of federally banned drugs under the CSA. However, it would not require states to legalize cannabis and would maintain a level of regulatory discretion up to states.
- Marijuana products would be subject to a federal excise tax, starting at five percent for the first two years after enactment and rising to eight percent by the fifth year of implementation.
- Nobody could be denied federal public benefits based solely on the use or possession of marijuana or past juvenile conviction for a cannabis offense. Federal agencies couldn’t use “past or present cannabis or marijuana use as criteria for granting, denying, or rescinding a security clearance.”
- Noncitizens could not be penalized under federal immigration laws for certain cannabis activity after the enactment of the legislation.
- The bill creates a process for expungements of non-violent federal marijuana convictions.
- Tax revenue from cannabis sales would be placed in a new “Opportunity Trust Fund.” Half of those tax dollars would support a “Community Reinvestment Grant Program” under the Justice Department, 10 percent would support substance misuse treatment programs, 40 percent would go to the federal Small Business Administration (SBA) to support implementation and a newly created equitable licensing grant program.
- The Community Reinvestment Grant Program would “fund eligible non-profit community organizations to provide a variety of services for individuals adversely impacted by the War on Drugs…to include job training, reentry services, legal aid for civil and criminal cases (including for expungement of cannabis convictions), among others.”
- The program would further support funding for substance misuse treatment for people from communities disproportionately impacted by drug criminalization. Those funds would be available for programs offering services to people with substance misuse disorders for any drug, not just cannabis.
- While the bill wouldn’t force states to adopt legalization, it would create incentives to promote equity. For example, SBA would facilitate a program to providing licensing grants to states and localities that have moved to expunge records for people with prior marijuana convictions or “taken steps to eliminate violations or other penalties for persons still under State or local criminal supervision for a cannabis-related offense or violation for conduct now lawful under State or local law.”
- The bill’s proposed Cannabis Restorative Opportunity Program would provide funds “for loans to assist small business concerns that are owned and controlled by individuals adversely impacted by the War on Drugs in eligible States and localities.”
- The comptroller general, in consultation with the head of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), would be required to carry out a study on the demographics of people who have faced federal marijuana convictions, “including information about the age, race, ethnicity, sex, and gender identity.”
- The departments of treasury, justice and the SBA would need to “issue or amend any rules, standard operating procedures, and other legal or policy guidance necessary to carry out implementation of the MORE Act” within one year of its enactment.
- Marijuana producers and importers would also need to obtain a federal permit. And they would be subject to a $1,000 per year federal tax as well for each premise they operate.
- The bill would impose certain packaging and labeling requirements.
- It also prescribes penalties for unlawful conduct such as illegal, unlicensed production or importation of cannabis products.
- The Treasury secretary would be required to carry out a study “on the characteristics of the cannabis industry, with recommendations to improve the regulation of the industry and related taxes.”
- The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) would be required to “regularly compile, maintain, and make public data on the demographics” of marijuana business owners and workers.
- Workers in “safety sensitive” positions, such as those regulated by the Department of Transportation, could continue to be drug tested for THC and face penalties for unauthorized use. Federal workers would also continue to be subject to existing drug testing policies.
- References to “marijuana” or “marihuana” under federal statute would be changed to “cannabis.” It’s unclear if that would also apply to the title of the bill itself.
Getting a bill like the MORE Act through the GOP-controlled House and Senate is a tall task, however. And while Trump previously endorsed a Florida legalization ballot initiative, he’s given little indication he’d be willing to end prohibition altogether at the federal level.
A pending proposal to simply move cannabis from Schedule I to Schedule III under the CSA is still in flux—though the president did recently say a decision was imminent.
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Marijuana Moment is tracking hundreds of cannabis, psychedelics and drug policy bills in state legislatures and Congress this year. Patreon supporters pledging at least $25/month get access to our interactive maps, charts and hearing calendar so they don’t miss any developments.
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Numerous voices within Trump’s circles have expressed differing opinions on the reform.
Most recently, for example, Ben Carson, Trump’s former secretary of the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), said a move to reschedule marijuana would play into plots to “destroy this country.”
Trump’s former press secretary Sean Spicer and his long-time advisor Roger Stone recently traded diverging takes on the prospect of the administration moving forward on marijuana rescheduling.
Stone separately made the case for reform in an op-ed for Marijuana Moment last month.
Retired boxer Mike Tyson, meanwhile, recently spoke about the need for federal marijuana rescheduling on a podcast hosted by the wife of White House Deputy Chief of Staff for Policy Stephen Miller—saying he’s expecting “good news” on the issue soon.
In June, the retired boxer also took to Fox News and delivered a message to the president, urging him to reschedule, and ultimately legalize, marijuana.
That interview came days after Tyson led a letter alongside other professional athletes and celebrities promoting cannabis reform that was sent to Trump, calling for rescheduling marijuana, expanding clemency and allowing licensed cannabis businesses to access the banking system.
Meanwhile, Trump’s former senior advisor Kellyanne Conway has been the “biggest champion” of marijuana rescheduling within the president’s “inner circle,” a GOP congressman recently told Marijuana Moment.
Photo courtesy of Brian Shamblen.

Author: mscannabiz.com
MScannaBIZ for all you Mississippi Cannabis News and Information.
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Rhode Island Opens Applications for 24 Adult-Use Dispensary Licenses

Published
2 hours agoon
September 15, 2025
[PRESS RELEASE] – WARWICK, R.I., Sept. 12, 2025 – The Cannabis Control Commission (CCC) opened the application period for adult-use cannabis retail licenses, marking the beginning of the largest expansion to Rhode Island’s cannabis industry. The commission is authorized under the Rhode Island Cannabis Act to license up to 24 retail establishments statewide, divided equally across six geographic zones, making this announcement a defining moment in shaping the state’s cannabis marketplace.
“Today’s announcement represents years of work, collaboration and preparation to ensure Rhode Island has a cannabis marketplace that is safe, transparent, and equitable,” CCC Chairperson Kim Ahern said. “The release of this application and launch of our submission portal is not only about opening doors for businesses but about creating meaningful opportunities for Rhode Islanders while keeping public health and public safety at the center of everything we do.”
With only 24 retail licenses available statewide, the launch of the application process is expected to draw significant interest from prospective applicants. Together with the Social Equity Applicant Status Certification Portal, which opened in August, the application process reflects the CCC’s deliberate steps toward building a cannabis industry that prioritizes economic opportunity, equity and fairness in Rhode Island.
“Rhode Island’s cannabis market is poised for growth, and this application is helping us do exactly that,” Gov. Dan McKee said. “As we expand the cannabis industry here in the Ocean State, we’re opening the doors to new investment, new good-paying jobs, and new opportunities for our economy.”
Adult-use retail licenses will authorize sales of cannabis products to adults 21 and older. By releasing the application and opening the submission portal simultaneously, the commission is providing applicants with a transparent process while reinforcing its commitment to accountability and access.
“Today’s release of the adult-use retail license application reflects the commission’s commitment to equity and accountability,” Commissioner Layi Oduyingbo said. “This framework provides applicants with the information they need while reinforcing our responsibility to safeguard public health and consumer safety.”
Commissioner Robert Jacquard said, “The commission aims to make this application process as business-friendly as possible, while upholding standards that will protect public health.”
To ensure the process is fair and accessible, the commission and Cannabis Office will provide technical assistance resources and ongoing guidance for prospective applicants. Applications will be accepted until 4 p.m. on Dec. 29, 2025.
“This is a milestone that reflects the dedication and perseverance of so many people,” Cannabis Office Administrator Michelle Reddish said. “From lawmakers and advocates to community members and our dedicated staff, countless individuals have helped build the foundation for this moment. By publishing the application today, we are taking a historic step toward building a cannabis marketplace that serves consumers, supports equity and advances public health in Rhode Island.”
The adult-use retail license application is available on the commission’s website at www.ccc.ri.gov/auapp.

Author: mscannabiz.com
MScannaBIZ for all you Mississippi Cannabis News and Information.
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Can LSD Battle Anxiety? The Answer Is Yes, According to Science

Published
3 hours agoon
September 15, 2025
Hands down, one of the drugs that has received the worst press in the decades marked by the War on Drugs has been LSD. All sorts of things have been said about this molecule: that it drives you crazy, or suicidal, that it remains stored in your body forever, that it irreparably damages the brain… Fortunately, we now have professionals investigating the matter, with a scientific perspective rather than a moralistic or prohibitionist one.
One of the latest findings on the subject seems to directly contradict one of the great myths about LSD: instead of leading to insanity, this compound could reduce anxiety. This is according to a study by Mind Medicine (MindMed) Inc., a biopharmaceutical company that has been researching psychedelic compounds for mental health for many years. While the preliminary results were released in 2022, they were officially published this month in the Journal of the American Medical Association.
This isn’t the first time MindMed has embarked on studying this topic: it had already achieved positive results with LSD for anxiety on another occasion. In fact, the FDA granted Breakthrough Therapy designation for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) to the company’s proprietary drug candidate, MM120, a pharmacologically optimized formulation of LSD.
LSD and Anxiety: What the MindMed Study Says
The company conducted a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled Phase 2b study at 22 outpatient psychiatric research centers in the US. The effects of a single dose of MM120 (lysergide D-tartrate, LSD) were analyzed in 198 adults with moderate to severe generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Participants experienced sustained improvements in their condition over the 12-week observation period.
According to the company’s press release, this is the first randomized, placebo-controlled trial evaluating a single treatment at four dose levels (25, 50, 100, or 200 µg), without any psychotherapeutic intervention.
The optimal dose of MM120 was determined at 100 µg. This demonstrated a “clinically and statistically significant improvement vs. placebo, and a 65% clinical response rate and 48% clinical remission rate” at the end of the experiment.
Likewise, tolerance to the medication was positive, with the expected adverse effects of an LSD experience remaining mild to moderate and lasting only one day.
During the study, participants receiving medication for their condition had to discontinue such treatment under the supervision of the study professionals. Furthermore, on the day of dosing, they were offered “standardized music and eyeshades and could lie down, move freely around the room, read, write, or draw.” It should be noted that the study protocol explicitly prohibited participation in psychotherapy.
Dr. Maurizio Fava, one of the study’s authors, stated that “this study is a true turning point in the field of psychiatry… For the first time, LSD has been studied with modern scientific rigor, and the results are both clinically meaningful and potentially paradigm-shifting for the treatment of GAD. GAD affects 26 million adults in the U.S., yet no new medications have been approved since 2007—and first-line treatments fail 50% of patients.”
Thus, scientific innovation continues to advance against the willful ignorance of prohibitionists, working tirelessly to ensure patients have access to the relief that traditional therapies fail to provide.
This article was first published on El Planteo.

Author: mscannabiz.com
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