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Why Cannabis Use Is One Big Science Experiment » Emily Kyle, MS, RDN

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In this captivating episode, we follow the journey of James Handyside, a retiree who has discovered the transformative power of cannabis. From chronic pain to sleep difficulties, James’s personal experiences have led him to explore the potential benefits of this plant. Get ready to be inspired by his story of self-discovery and learn how he has embraced personal science to improve his well-being.

A picture of James Handyside, a guest on the Well With Cannabis podcast.

Features

  • Release Date: Monday, August 21, 2023
  • Episode Number: Season 1, Episode 42
  • Special Guest: James Handyside

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Why You Will Love This Episode

In this episode, I had the pleasure of speaking with James Handyside, a retired gentleman who has embarked on an extraordinary journey of self-discovery.

His decades-long experience as a recreational cannabis consumer led him to uncover the transformative power of medical cannabis.

His curiosity sparked when he witnessed the successful treatment of his mother’s problems associated with Parkinson’s disease through the use of cannabis oil.

James’s commitment to evidence-based practices led him to document his journey in a personal manifesto called “n of Me.”

Drawing from the understanding of medical science gained through his career; he applies a scaled-down, improvement science methodology to his health experiments.

He intends not to advocate for his universally applicable methods but to inspire listeners to approach their well-being with an evidence-guided mindset.

Discover how he has become the scientist and subject of his own experiment, shedding light on the potential of cannabis, the importance of taking a personalized approach to wellness, and how you can, too.

Full Transcript

James: Be your own personal scientist, and don’t be afraid to run your own little experiments on yourself, with yourself, and your own stuff that you’re making. And, if it works, that’s all you care about. I’m not going to publish a study.

Announcer: Welcome to the Well With Cannabis Podcast, a show dedicated to telling the life-changing stories of those who live well with cannabis all while teaching you how to do the same. Meet your host, Emily Kyle, a registered dietitian nutritionist turned certified holistic cannabis practitioner. Emily changed her life for the better with the help of the cannabis plant, and now she’s committed to helping others do the same.

Tune in each week to hear heartwarming stories and gain the knowledge you need to feel connected, inspired, and supported on your own cannabis journey. Whether you’re a new cannabis consumer or a lifetime lover, you’ll benefit from these uplifting tales of real-life journeys that will show you how you, too, can live your best life well with cannabis.

Disclaimer: Hi there. Before we jump into today’s episode, I wanted to share a note on potentially sensitive content. The episodes on the Well With Cannabis Podcast are created for adult audiences only. We will, at times, cover sensitive topics, including but not limited to suicide, abuse, mental illness, sex, drugs, alcohol, psychedelics, and the obvious use of plant medicine. Explicit language may be used occasionally. Please refrain from watching or listening to the show if you’re likely to be offended or adversely impacted by any of these topics.

The information on this show is for informational and educational purposes only. It does not constitute medical advice. If any of the content on this podcast has brought up anything for you, please reach out or speak to a professional or someone you trust.

Emily: Hello, and welcome back to another episode of the Well With Cannabis Podcast. I am excited to be here with our new friend, Mr. James Handyside! He is a retired fellow who has been loving cannabis for a long time, and we are here to talk to you all about cannabis in your life. So, welcome, James. Thank you for joining us.

James: Hey, thanks for having me, Emily. 

Emily: You’re living the retired life now. Is that true?

James: Yeah. You could say that. It’s funny. I’ve worked a lot on my own independently; I had a consulting business for the last 25 years, so I didn’t have a “real” job. I didn’t punch a clock and go to park in a parking lot and go to a workplace.

James: I wound it down. But then, yeah, just in late 2019, I said, “That’s it. I’m not doing anything anymore.” After being retired for a while, I’m looking around for stuff to do that might look more like work, but I’m, fortunately, not in need of work. 

Emily: It’s beautiful when you can be a little bit more selective about how you want to spend your time. You said that you’ve been using cannabis for 50 years. Is that correct? 

James: Yeah. 

Emily: You’ve had a lifelong journey with cannabis

James: I started using cannabis when I was like 15 when I was young and looking for something different to do and some fun and so on. So that was 50 years ago, and back in those days, looking back on it now, the herb itself was much more primitive, and the way in which we acquired our goodies was totally under the radar because it was totally illegal and people were going to jail and stuff.

James: But yeah, so it was a recreational thing. I would get high with my buddies when we didn’t have anything to do and maybe have a couple of beers. Pot was always part of my life. I wouldn’t say it was always as big a part of my life as it is now. There wasn’t always a lot of cannabis involvement, but it was always there. And I never said, “I’m quitting this stuff.” When I wasn’t using cannabis, it was always because I couldn’t find any or I couldn’t get any, which was an issue for sure. It’s certainly not an issue anymore in Canada.

Emily: You must’ve seen so much difference in the last 50 years in the cannabis scene. How has that been, seeing that in your lifetime? 

James: Yeah, it probably didn’t change much. Availability did increase in the last 15 years, but even, I would say 10 years ago, I was still going to a jazz musician’s place. Our guy was basically a musician, which doesn’t make much money, and he would sell cannabis to stay alive. 

James: The big thing has been availability, and the other thing that hasn’t changed much is people’s attitude. I’ve also talked to some of my American friends about it. They saw all this legalization in Canada and figured things must be different. They really aren’t, not from my perspective, anyway, as a 65-year-old dude. 

James: I have friends for whom cannabis is still part of their life, and I have friends who don’t have cannabis at all in their life. My parents are both gone now, but my mom was in the nursing home maybe about 6 or 7 years ago when I started to get into medical cannabis. Her experience was what got me into medical cannabis because she was having a lot of problems.

James: She was in the nursing home. She wasn’t ambulatory. She had Parkinson’s; she had trouble sleeping. Until then, you’d always get a bag from your buddy, like you had for the last 40 years. Things have really started to change in a favorable way in the last 10-15 years.

Emily: Absolutely. Let’s talk about your transition from the recreational to the medical world if you’re okay with talking about your mom and how your perspective on the plant changed into that medical aspect.

James: The first time I saw medical cannabis was when I was on a business trip in Los Angeles or Southern California. I ended up in an area that had a lot of businesses, but there were also medical offices. I saw a medical marijuana office where you could be assessed and also buy cannabis.

James: At that time, I thought it wasn’t medical. I figured it was some facade or something. But my mom was having trouble sleeping, and I was doing internet research for things that might be able to help her. I came upon the fact that cannabis could help with her sleep.

James: We asked her physician, who prescribed her 1:1 THC to CBD oil. I was her medical contact, so I had to go to the website, get her medical certificate, order the oil, and it would go to the nursing home where the nurses would administer it.

James: My mom was surprisingly open to it when I talked to her about trying cannabis to help her. Of course, she knew that I had used it. She found my bag and some papers once in a while, but we never really talked about it. We ended up having a conversation, and I told her that I still used cannabis and really enjoyed it. So she tried medical cannabis, which really helped her sleep, which is a big deal.

Emily: I wanted to ask, where are you located that you had such a great doctor and a nursing home that would allow her to have that? 

James: Yeah, we’re in Southern Ontario. Canada. 

Emily: I see. I don’t know if in the States they would allow anybody in a nursing home to take cannabis oil

James: Yeah. I don’t know what it would be like anywhere else, but it wasn’t difficult.

Emily: Your doctor was so cool about it and prescribed it. That’s not the typical American experience, I find. I’m so glad that was your experience and that they let her use it in the nursing home. 

James: Yeah. It’s always a bedtime thing. So she would get her hit at bedtime. They wouldn’t give it to her during the day. So it was really to help her sleep. It helped her sleep a lot, but in retrospect, it probably would have helped her during the day, too. She was at the end of her life, and it helped her get over the bridge.

Emily: I’m sorry for your loss. I’m so thankful that you were able to make it a comfortable experience for her in the end. 

Emily: So, did you feel like your world opened up to the medical possibilities after seeing that?

James: Yeah. I ended up tearing my rotator cuff around that time. Shoulder pain is very bothersome, and it was really bugging me. So I looked into what was involved at that time to get some advice and see a physician. 

James: I made an appointment at a clinic in a city near me, and I went into the clinic, and my interview with the doctor was much like what we’re doing right now. It was over the internet. The doctor was sitting somewhere, I don’t know where, and he asked me about what was going on, and I told him about my pain and so on, and I think he ended up prescribing. I think it was also a 1:1 oil, THC, and CBD. 

James: At that time, you would get a medical certificate, and you could then go to providers of medical cannabis products. It was all very loose. Your certificate would allow you to get a certain amount of cannabis per month. Your certificate would run out in 4-6 months, and you’d go back to the doctor and renew it. I tried the 1:1 oil, which helped me with my sleep and shoulder pain.

James: I’d been growing my own for my “recreational” THC cannabis, so I figured I’d grow some CBD. I looked around, found some seeds, and grew my first CBD plant. I started making my own medicine about five or six years ago and continued to do so with advice from people like you. It’s not the easiest thing to figure out, and none of my friends were doing that kind of thing at that time.

Emily: So let’s talk about that. What did that transition to making your own medicine look like for you? And please emphasize the trial and error for people because a lot of people want it to be easy, but it’s really not.

James: No, it’s not easy, and I’m still learning. There’s no way that I’ve got it all figured out. I did my research on what I needed to do once I had the flowers, obviously how to get them decarboxylated and then infused and so on, so I would work on that. I don’t think I appreciated it as early on as I do now that you need to come up with your dose with the batch you’ve got because every plant is different.

James: You don’t know what the levels are because there is a big range on the seed packet. There’s a big difference between 10% and 20%. We’re used to pharmaceuticals where we take one or two pre-measured pills, and the ailment is gone. Cannabis is very different. Some of my friends noticed I was having success with medical cannabis, and I’ve given them some to try. They’ve come back saying it didn’t work. You have to play around for a while and find how cannabis works for you and in which combination it works best.

James: The other thing that I’ve been learning about is the combination of THC and CBD. It’s underrated. The doctor who issued my medical certificate told me that CBD is for inflammation and THC is for pain. Inflammation causes pain, so anything that helps with inflammation will also help with pain. 

James: The fact that CBD works to relieve pain without being psychoactive is counterintuitive. People can assume that when you’re taking cannabis for pain, you’re high all the time, so you never actually know if you’re in pain. I’m sure that people with severe pain would benefit from the psychoactive aspects of THC to help them get through their pain. 

Emily: It’s a beautiful thing, though. It’s a journey, a lifelong journey with cannabis. And then the more you can tailor it to exactly what you need.

James:  I’m a big DIYer anyway. I live on a farm and grow most of my own vegetables. We have a big garden, and our hens are just starting to lay after the winter. 

Emily: We’ve got chickens and turkeys. We started out growing a big vegetable garden and quickly realized you throw cannabis out there, and it just fits right in. 

James: Oh, that’s cool. Yeah. It’s a lifestyle, 

Emily: It’s enjoyable to do all those things together.

James: Yeah. It works for me. I know some people that wouldn’t be into growing, even though it’s legal in Canada to grow four plants.

Emily: Was that not legal before? 

James: For whatever reason, even though it has not been difficult to find seeds here for years. In my early days of growing cannabis, I was worried that buying seeds online would reveal my address and activities and get me arrested. As it turns out, seeds fell through a legal crack, and people were somehow able to sell them.

Emily: They just had a big court ruling here in the States that determined that since seeds do not contain THC, they cannot be regulated that way. 

James: That’s good. That gives the agency and ability for motivated individuals who want to make their own medicine. Pharmaceutical companies aren’t going to like it, but. Everybody else should love it. I don’t understand why anybody wouldn’t think this is right.

Emily: Especially if it makes people feel better. At the end of the day, it’s a humanitarian thing. You want people to be out of pain, you want people to feel good. And if they can do that by growing a plant in their own garden, why wouldn’t we want that for people?

James: Exactly. I think it’s gotten better. Like I say, we can grow four plants here as individuals.

Emily: Now Canada seems way more progressive than the States in my limited experience in working with people from Canada. How do you feel about the stigma and the stereotypes? Are those dissipating? Because you guys are years ahead of us, I would say, in terms of progress.

James: It’s interesting. When legalization happened, there was still a stigma surrounding the stoner stereotype, even though a lot of people would use alcohol quite freely. I lost a friend to alcohol. I regret that I gave up on them. If I had gotten more involved in his life, I could have helped him, but alcohol killed him. Cannabis isn’t going to kill anybody. You shouldn’t operate heavy machinery after getting really high, but I’d rather have someone on a two-lane road toward me who has just smoked a joint versus someone who just drank six beers. I’ll take the joint smoker any day

Emily: Same. And alcohol is never going to make your mother with Parkinson’s feel better or sleep better. It’s never going to make your shoulder feel better. It’s what we allow. It’s crazy that people still hold those strong beliefs. Cannabis is such a gift with very limited side effects.

James: Yeah, it is. It’s regrettable, but those things take a long time to go away.

Emily: Do you feel like you’re seeing progress as we move forward?

James: Yeah, I do, because people are realizing the medical benefits of it. There’s actually a joke around our area right now. Maybe it’s like this in other parts of Canada, but in Ontario, there’s a small town near us. The town’s name is Stratford, and it has maybe 15,000 people in it. There are six cannabis shops and only two liquor stores. In Ontario, liquor is sold in a store by the government.

Emily: Interesting. Are cannabis shops government shops, like alcohol stores, or not?

James: No, they’re licensed here, but they are not run by the government. There is a government website, an Ontario government website where you can buy cannabis and accessories, like grinders, and that is run by the government.

Emily: That’s something they don’t do here in the States. That’s super interesting, too. 

James: I remember reading that legalizing was supposed to reduce the black market so that people would buy cannabis from a shop instead of a jazz musician. That has happened, but not as much as they would have thought. So the town with six cannabis shops has people saying that the six shops won’t all stay in business. The people going to these shops seem to be curious about the medical angle, rather than the recreational and don’t have a lifetime of experience using it. The 1:1s are popular and although some people don’t know why anyone would bother using cannabis and not getting high. It makes your pain go away, and you feel good. What’s wrong with that?

Emily: Yes. Yes. There’s such a long-held stigma that if you’re not getting high, you’re not doing it right. So many people don’t want to get high, and you can still do it right. There are so many options. You don’t have to get high, but if you want to get high, you can, and you can enjoy that too. Cannabis is for everybody in all ways, which is great.

James: Yeah, it is, and I think people are realizing that. Some friends of mine are not close friends, but we see them socially frequently, and they’re very against cannabis. I keep it under the radar when I’m with people like that because I don’t want to rock the boat. I don’t judge, and I don’t understand it. I don’t want to get into an argument because I don’t ever want to feel like I’m trying to convince people to use cannabis. There are so many things in the world that you can be judged for, but cannabis isn’t one of them. 

Emily: Definitely not. No. Now, do you have a spouse or a partner? Are they supportive of your cannabis use? 

James: My wife uses cannabis recreationally on occasion. We were with some friends the other night, and she usually partakes. I’d given her some of this year’s THC, she got high, and she thought she couldn’t sleep. I loaded up some CBD, and she was ready for bed in 20 minutes. CBD can be a little bit of an antidote. If you get a little over the top, CBD will take the edge off.

Emily: Absolutely, and more people need to know that because when you consume too much THC, you feel unwell, and obviously, no one wants to feel unwell, but CBD can help so much. I will share a personal story because I had always heard that and never tried it for myself. I made a cannabutter board for Thanksgiving, and it was very strong. I warned my sister that it was super strong, but I didn’t know exactly how strong because I had made it myself. Do you think anybody listened to me, including myself? 

Emily: I woke up at 5:30 am the next day with the baby, and I was like, “Oh my God, I didn’t even listen to my own advice. I’m still really high.” And I took two CBD gummies, and within 30 minutes, I felt so much better. So that is just a great tip for anybody who’s nervous about using THC as well or doesn’t want to feel unwell. CBD really can come in as the hero at the end of the day to save you and make you feel better.

James: It’s really diversified the whole thing. We’ve all had experiments with edibles where we thought it wasn’t working and we should take another one. No. You should not have another one. Wait.

Emily: Absolutely. I want to be respectful of your time. I want to ask you the same four questions I ask all of my guests. Are you ready? All right, first one: What are you most proud of in your life to date? 

James: When I saw that question, I was like, “Oh, come on, Emily. This is too heavy.” But there are a lot of things I’m proud of. Since my work is behind me, I won’t even touch that. I’m really proud of the farm we have. We bought 100 acres in 1987, and there were 35 acres of hardwood forest. 

James: Now, there are 48 acres of woodland and naturalized space. So we took out a whole pile of marginal farmland and planted thousands of trees, and it is a park. I live in a park. I feel so fortunate to live where I do, and it’s because of our dedication to restoring some natural space. So I’m proud of that.

Emily: That’s amazing. And then you throw a cannabis plant or two in there, and you’ve got a paradise out there. 

James: Exactly. 

Emily: Yeah, that is awesome. Now, what do you think your life would look like without cannabis? 

James: I think that for sure, one thing would have happened. I would have used more alcohol, which I don’t think is good for a lot of different reasons. I remember my dad telling me once when I was a teenager that humans have some need to change their cognition, the way they think, or how they’re feeling in their minds. This was one of the reasons that humans like alcohol. At the time, I thought that was one reason I liked pot. I’m not into other drugs, but I’m increasingly interested in psychedelics – but that’s a different matter for another day.

Emily: Absolutely. And totally not on the same playing field as any of the others.

James: But yeah I would have used more alcohol. I would have been fatter and I would have all those alcohol things. Until recently in Canada, alcohol was really the only socially sanctioned mind-altering substance, so I probably would have used more of it and that wouldn’t have been good.

Emily: That’s a great point. Such a better quality of life in the end because you have so fewer side effects with cannabis than with alcohol. It’s crazy.

James: Oh, yeah. It’s also about your body chemistry with respect to carbohydrates and fat that make you gain weight, plus the hangovers and driving impairment. I’m not saying that getting really high and driving isn’t a good idea, either.

Emily: Cannabis is just so much better on so many levels. I’ve never done anything to embarrass myself on cannabis, but I certainly have with alcohol, 

James: Yeah, that’s a good one too.

Emily: With cannabis, I know it’s time to go to bed, but with alcohol, I always think I should stay up. 

James: Yeah, I know. And it’s terrible for your sleep. 

Emily: Yes. I love my sleep. I prefer cannabis. Sleep is precious. Next question. If you could go back 10, 20, or 30 years ago, give yourself a piece of advice; what would it be?

James: I’ve done a lot of work on myself since I retired. I’ve always tried to better myself to a degree, but before I retired, that was mostly geared toward my work. I would have told myself to work on myself just a little bit more. Cannabis helped me with that, but it wasn’t the only thing. I would have told myself to pay attention to my diet and well-being. I have had a mindfulness practice now for the last 3 years. 

Emily: That’s amazing. A lot of people think cannabis does the opposite, but I love that you’re sharing that kind of helps with all of this.

James: Yeah. I use an app called Waking Up by Sam Harris. I’ve tried other mindfulness apps, but I’ve really been diving into it on this app. I’ve been a lot more self-aware since I retired.

Emily: That’s amazing. I’m so happy for you. And it’s nice that you can retire and have the time to focus on those things. 

James: That part-time is one of the things that’s definitely needed. 

Emily: So nice that you can do things that you actually enjoy while you’re retiring; enjoy your life. That brings us to our very last question. If you could be remembered for one thing in the cannabis space, what would it be? 

James: A concept called n of Me. When you look into the scientific literature, one of the things you look for is the sample size of a study and maybe even some of the characteristics of the selection process. The term they use for the study size is “n.”

James: I think it’s important for all of us to understand this concept of n of Me. You’re the only one. You are the subject of the experiment, the one controlling it, the data collector, etc. If you’re in control of n of Me, you’re the only one who has to be convinced that it works. You don’t have to convince anyone else. You’re the one who decides whether or not this is working or not, and don’t let anybody else tell you that it isn’t working.

James: I have a lot of friends in the medical world because that’s where I worked. I wasn’t a clinician, but I worked there. One friend of mine has a lot of trouble with migraines, and she said that there is no evidence that CBD works for migraines based on her research. I’m not an advocate for anybody. You’ve got to come around to it for yourself, or you don’t. 

James: To your point about what I would want to be remembered by, I would want to be remembered for encouraging people to be their own personal scientists and don’t be afraid to run their own little experiments.

James: There is more research going on now. It’s easy to run a randomized controlled trial with cannabis. But, even if it’s a placebo effect, if the placebo works, then who cares? I’m curious about the mechanism, though, and that’s one of the things that I’ve read a great deal about and continue to have an appetite for is the mechanism of action for how cannabinoids provide their efficacy in our bodies. But you don’t need to go through all that if you run a good experiment yourself: on yourself, with yourself, and your own stuff you’re making. All you really need to care about is whether it works. I’m not going to publish a study. 

Emily: Everything you’re saying is so true, so spot on. I hope everybody is listening and absorbing because you are 100% right. It is an experiment. It’s unique to you. And you’re the only one who can read the data and change things moving forward. 

James: That’s right. Oh, thank you. You’re the funder. You’re the funder and the researcher, and the subject.

Emily: Absolutely. And it’s okay to do those things. So many of us are afraid to trust ourselves, but you are the scientist of your own self and your own body, and you couldn’t have said it any better. Thank you so much for sharing your wisdom, sharing your experience, and giving that to our readers because I feel like that is the best message to take home. Oh, thank you so much for your time today. I really appreciate it.

James: Oh, it’s been a pleasure, Emily. Thanks. 

Announcer: Congratulations, you’ve finished another episode of the Well With Cannabis Podcast and are one step closer to discovering how you, too, can live well with cannabis.

Thank you for listening in today. We hope this episode has been a helpful and informative one. Please visit emilykylenutrition.com for more information on today’s show, show notes, guest information, recipes, and other resources.

If you want more support and encouragement on your cannabis journey, please consider joining the private Well With Cannabis Community. In this group, you can connect with like-minded individuals focused on improving their health and wellness through cannabis.

Join the group today to continue your journey of wellness together!

Cover art for the Well With Cannabis Podcast featuring Emily Kyle standing in a cannabis garden.Cover art for the Well With Cannabis Podcast featuring Emily Kyle standing in a cannabis garden.



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Consumable Hemp Products Illegal Without FDA Approval, Mississippi AG Says

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Despite Mississippi lawmakers’ failed attempt to ban intoxicating hemp products this legislative session, the state’s top legal adviser to government officials said those products are already prohibited in the Magnolia State.

State Attorney General Lynn Fitch issued an opinion on June 11 that Mississippi’s Uniform Controlled Substances Law forbids the sale of consumable products containing hemp derivatives that are not approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 

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“Marijuana and THC are included on Mississippi’s Schedule I controlled substances list,” she wrote. 

Lynn said the lone exception is for products sold through licensed medical cannabis dispensaries that are regulated under the state’s Medical Cannabis Act that Republican Gov. Tate Reeves signed into law on Feb. 3, 2022—456 days after voters approved a medical cannabis initiative that the state’s Supreme Court overturned. Dispensary sales launched in January 2023.

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Fitch’s opinion was in response to Rep. Lee Yancey, R-Rankin, who sought clarity on the matter after his legislation to ban intoxicating hemp products, House Bill 1502, died on the calendar when the Mississippi Legislature adjourned on April 3.

While Fitch responded, she also said that her office cannot opine on questions of federal law.

“Because the cultivation of hemp in Mississippi is legalized, licensed, and controlled by federal law, a complete response to your request is outside the scope of an official opinion,” the attorney general wrote.

Under the 2018 Farm Bill, hemp was federally legalized and defined as a plant that contains no more than 0.3% delta-9 THC on a dry-weight basis during a pre-harvest field test; however, the federal law does not include provisions to regulate finished goods, such as delta-8 THC gummies, THCA vapes or other products containing cannabinoids derived or synthesized from compliant hemp plants.

These intoxicating hemp products are often sold in smoke and vape shops as well as convenience and grocery stores in states such as Mississippi, where regulations evade legislation.

In Mississippi, hemp is legally grown through federal licensure under the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Domestic Hemp Production Program. 

Although state lawmakers passed the Mississippi Hemp Cultivation Act in 2020 to legalize the state’s hemp cultivation program, the Legislature never appropriated necessary funding to implement the program under the law—meaning the only legal option to grow hemp is through the federal program—according to the Mississippi Department of Agriculture and Commerce.

As a result, hemp in Mississippi is defined by federal law: the 2018 Farm Bill.

Although Fitch wrote that the state’s Uniform Controlled Substances Law may prohibit the sale or possession of consumable hemp products that aren’t approved by the FDA, she offered a conflicting statement in her response.

“Mississippi law does not specifically address the possession or sale of products derived from the hemp plant designed for human ingestion and/or consumption,” the Mississippi attorney general wrote. “However, as implied by your questions, the Mississippi Medical Cannabis Act … allows for the sale and possession of medical cannabis products, including edible cannabis products.”

In the absence of legal clarity, Yancey, a member of the House Drug Policy Committee, sponsored the now-dead 2025 legislation that had aimed to ban intoxicating hemp products in Mississippi, with an exception for certain low-THC beverages to be sold to those 21 years and older. The legislation also intended to authorize the Mississippi State Department of Health to regulate CBD products.

While some hemp-derived product manufacturers have called on the FDA to regulate the production, marketing and sale of CBD, the federal agency has often kicked the can to Congress, requesting that federal lawmakers provide funding or take the lead themselves.

While Yancey’s 2025 legislation passed the Mississippi House in an 82-27 vote, the Senate passed an amended version of the bill in a 35-16 vote; however, the bill stalled in a conference committee and was left on the table amid public pushback, in part over the allowance for hemp-derived THC beverages.

Yancey, who spearheaded the state’s medical cannabis legalization bill three years ago, said the basis of his 2025 legislation was to protect children from accessing intoxicating hemp products, SuperTalk Mississippi Media reported.

“These

are already being sold in the gas stations and in the supermarkets, and it will become more and more rampant across our state,” Yancey told the news outlet in April. “We had a chance to stop this.”



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Mississippi Choctaws to Elect Tribal Council Representatives

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Members of the Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians will vote on Tuesday, June 10, to elect members of the Choctaw Tribal Council to represent six communities located in the east-central part of the state. Voters will also decide on a referendum issue of marijuana decriminalization and the development of regulations regarding marijuana on tribal lands.

Tribal Profile - Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians - Office of the Tribal Chief
Read the Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians’ Tribal Profile.

The unicameral Choctaw Tribal Council governs 33,000 acres of land, the tribe’s online profile says. Seventeen members from eight communities serve staggered four-year terms on the council, with elections every two years. The tribe also holds tribal chief elections every four years. This year, nine seats are up for re-election and the other eight seats, along with the tribal chief, will be up for election in 2027.

The tribal chief chairs the quarterly tribal council meetings. Once the voters elect the representatives in June and they are seated in July, barring any challenges or runoffs that must be resolved within 30 days, the newly convened council will select the offices of vice-chief, secretary-treasurer and chair of committee systems from among its members. Tribal Council Members Ronnie Henry and Angela Hundley from the Neshoba County community of Bogue Chitto currently serve as vice-chief and committee systems chair, respectively, while Crystal Ridge Council Member Christopher Eaves of Winston County serves as Secretary-Treasurer.

Requirements for Candidates

The Tribal Election Committee oversees the election process. Its members vet the candidates and ensure they meet the requirements for tribal council candidacy. Choctaw Constitution Article IV § 5, says candidates must be 21, have no felonies, have obtained a high school diploma or GED equivalent, have resided for at least in the community they intend to represent for at least six months before the election, and must secure endorsement-signatures from at least 10 registered voters from their communities. This last requirement does not apply to the two smallest communities, Crystal Ridge in Winston County and Bogue Homa in Jones County.

Where to Vote

The voting booths in each community will be held at their community’s CERF building.

  • Bogue Chitto CERF is located on Big Creek Circle, Philadelphia, Miss.
  • Henning CERF is located near 1230 Highway 87 W, Henning, Tenn. (Henning’s tallies will count separately and eventually be added to Bogue Chitto’s overall total) 
  • Crystal Ridge CERF is located off Joe Wray Rd., Preston, Miss. 
  • Conehatta CERF is located at 374 Campus Dr., Conehatta, Miss.   
  • Pearl River CERF is located on Industrial Rd., Philadelphia, Miss.
  • Standing Pine CERF is located at the elementary school campus, 538 Highway 487, Carthage, Miss.
  • Tucker CERF is located at the old school campus, Highway 19 S, Philadelphia, Miss.
A sign that reads MBCI Tribal Election 2024 - Vote Here - Ilappak Atokoli
A sign indicating a polling location for the Pearl River Community in Neshoba County is seen here in this 2023 photo. The sign is written in both Choctaw and English, with “Ilappak Atokoli” meaning Vote Here. Photo by Roger D. Amos

The communities that are not voting for a tribal council representative this cycle, but are still able to vote on the Marijuana Referendum 2025-01 are at the following locations:

  • Red Water CERF is located on Red Water Rd. off Highway 35 N, Carthage, Miss.
  • Bogue Homa CERF is located on Tomechi Anowa Dr., Heidelberg, Miss. 

The Candidates

In April, the TEC released the official candidate list for the 2025 election. Forty-nine candidates are running for nine positions in six tribal communities. Some communities with three representatives elect two this year and will elect their third two years later.

The Mississippi Free Press offered candidates the opportunity to respond to a questionnaire about their views on issues facing community members. Responses from those who responded are linked in the lists below.

The list of candidates for positions on the ballot this year is below. Incumbents are denoted with an asterisk.*

Bogue Chitto Community, Neshoba County: 3 Representatives, 2 positions

Kendrick Bell
Jeremiah Harrison
Kinsey Henry
Angela Hundley* (also serves as committee systems chair)
Randy Jim
Natasha John
Jamion Johnson
Davita McClelland
Jackson Thompson, Jr.
Kendall Wallace*
Kenneth Wallace
Treundes Willis

Bogue Chitto Tribal Council Member Ronnie Henry is the vice-chief and his position will be up in 2027.

Conehatta Community, Newton County: 3 Representatives, 2 Positions

Max Anderson
Tarina Anderson
Trinesa Barojas
Emerson Billy
Hannah Charlie
Shaun Grant
Jeron Johnson
Hilda Nickey*
Gregory Shoemake*

Crystal Ridge Community, Winston County: 1 Representative, 1 Position

Christopher Eaves* (also serves as the secretary-treasurer)
Alexander Hickman
Rosa Kanagy
Tim Willis

Pearl River Community (headquarters), Neshoba County: 3 Representatives, 2 Positions

Collins Billy, Jr.
Robert Briscoe
Mindy Davis
Asa Jimmie
Speedy X. Lewis
Deborah Martin*
Robert Martin
Lola Parkerson
Benjamin Stephens
Nickolas Stephens
Jerod Thompson
Austin Tubby
Shelley Tubby
Kent Wesley*

Standing Pine Community- Leake County – 2 Representatives; 1 position

Betty Allen
Louie Charlie
Lalaina Denson
Benjamin Farve
Ashley Primer
Jalen Tangle

Incumbent Loriann Ahshapanek is not running for re-election.

Tucker Community – Neshoba County – 2 Representatives; 1 position

Autumn McMillan
Demando Mingo*
Eric Nickey
Layla Taylor

The communities of Red Water (Leake County, two representatives) and Bogue Homa (Jones County, one representative) do not vote during midterms; their representatives’ terms end in chief election years, with the next being in 2027. However, this year, all communities will be going to the polls due to the marijuana referendum issue.

Registering to Vote

Voter registration is open year-round at the tribal election office in Pearl River. The Tribal Election Council also holds voter registration drives in each community. However, voters must register 30 days before an election. The deadline to register for the June 10 election was Friday, May 9, 2025, at 5:00 pm. 





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Mississippi AG Limits Sale of Consumable Hemp Products

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All participants of Mississippi’s cannabis industry should take notice of an opinion the Mississippi Attorney General’s Office published on June 11, 2025. The opinion answered three questions Mississippi Rep. Lee Yancey presented: (1) Is the sale of non-FDA approved hemp-derived products designed for human ingestion and/or consumption prohibited in Mississippi; (2) is the possession of non-FDA approved hemp-derived products designed for human ingestion and/or consumption prohibited in Mississippi; and (3) if the answer to the first two questions is yes, are municipalities authorized to enact rules and regulations that prohibit or penalize the sale and/or possession of the same?

The attorney general, relying on Mississippi’s Uniform Controlled Substances Law (MSCSL), answered the first two questions in the affirmative, concluding that the terms of the MSCSL prohibited the sale and possession of such products unless they were being sold or possessed pursuant to the provisions of Mississippi’s medical cannabis laws and regulations. The opinion, however, notes its limitations by acknowledging that components of the analysis are controlled by federal law: “[A] complete response to [Yancey’s] request is outside the scope of an official opinion.”

The opinion focuses on two exemptions to the MSCSL’s prohibition of THC but recognizes a third. THC, the psychoactive ingredient in cannabis, is illegal under the terms of the MSCSL, however, several exemptions to this prohibition exist. Two of these exemptions, forming the basis of the AG’s opinion, make an allowance for hemp products that have been approved for human ingestion and/or consumption by the FDA or products possessed or sold under Mississippi’s medical cannabis laws. The third exemption (mentioned briefly in the opinion) exempts “hemp,” as defined and regulated under the Mississippi Hemp Cultivation Act (MHCA), from the MSCSL. The MHCA defines hemp in a manner similar to the 2018 Farm Bill, stating that hemp includes all derivatives, extracts and isomers. While many have interpreted the third exemption as allowing the sale and possession of hemp as long as it meets the MHCA’s definition (an interpretation adopted across the country under the Farm Bill’s same definition of hemp), the Attorney General’s Office appears to take a different stance.

In a footnote, the attorney general seems to suggest that since the MHCA has not been fully implemented, the exemption referencing the act may not apply. This positioning points towards the attorney general’s stance being that unless a hemp product is approved for human consumption by the FDA or handled pursuant to Mississippi’s medical cannabis laws, its sale and possession are prohibited by the MSCSL – regardless of what the hemp cultivation act says. That said, the opinion reiterates that because the cultivation of hemp in Mississippi “is legalized, licensed, and controlled by federal law [and] this office cannot opine on questions of federal law [,]… to the extent federal law controls the issues presented in your request, a complete response is outside the scope of an official opinion.”

The opinion, while briefly referencing the MHCA, does not explain additional exemptions to the definitions of both THC and marijuana under the MSCSL for hemp. Again, the opinion generally acknowledges that hemp, as defined in the MHCA and 2018 Farm Bill, is not controlled under MSCSL. But because such analysis is, at least in part, controlled by federal law, the opinion ends its discussion with just these acknowledgments.

While the AG’s opinions are not considered binding precedent, this opinion undoubtedly garnered the attention of Mississippi’s consumable hemp industry and medical cannabis industry alike and rightly so. There’s also little doubt that the opinion will be used as support next legislative session when yet another hemp bill is introduced.

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